Mathematical Formulation of a GARCH(1,1) Model The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, introduced by Bollerslev (1986), extends Engle's (1982) ARCH model to captur...
Reinforcement Learning (RL) presents a compelling paradigm for algorithmic trading, moving beyond mere price prediction to directly learn optimal sequences of actions. The goal is to maximize cumulati...
Covariance Definition: Covariance is a measure of the joint variability of two random variables. It indicates the extent to which two variables change together. A positive covariance implies that the ...